사진: 광야의 그늘
1. KKL - Israel National Fund
2. DP - The Development Institute
3. State
In Israel, however, there is one significant difference to this widespread trend of concentration of land and industrialization of farming that is taking place throughout the developed world and in some developing countries. From a legal perspective, the land farmed by the Jews in Israel does not belong to the farmer who farms it. The land belongs to the people of Israel. The individual farmer has only leased the land for 99 years from the institution that represents the people of Israel, either the Jewish Agency before 1948, or the Israeli Land Management Office since then. These laws do not apply to those Arabs and Druze in Israel whose families have owned plots of land for generations; they continue to own their land.
The Israeli Land Management Office (ILM) was set up after Israel attained independence in 1948, and it manages the land in Israel that was not in private hands when Israel became a state. By law, all of that land belongs to the people of Israel and cannot be sold to private persons or companies. The land of Israel can only be leased to a person or group of persons who will work it. Over the years, ILM took over many of the roles of the Jewish Agency, including the leasing of land to farmers. As with every lease, every year the Jewish farmer must pay rent for the use of the land to the institution that leases the land.
There seems to be much wisdom in the fact that all land in Israel, and especially land designated for farming will always remain public land. Such an approach diminishes the possibility that a few Jews in Israel will establish large farming estates which will be passed on to their progeny from generation to generation. In many countries, such estates are accompanied by large groups of impoverished landless laborers who supply the labor for farming.
According to current law, almost all the land farmed by Jews in Israel will always belong to the people of Israel. This law strictly limits the possibility of wealthy people speculating with land. Hence, even if agriculture in Israel becomes partially industrialized, even if some small farmers slowly abandon their fields and rent them out until the end of their lease to large concerns, the land will always belong to the citizens of Israel. All persons involved in farming know that their lease on the land does not have to be renewed.
(참고문헌: Haim Gordon, Israel Today, Peter lang, 159-160, 2007)
Technolgy in Mapping and Managing land at the ILA.pdf'Culture & Society in OT & NT' 카테고리의 다른 글
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